INS 129 / E129ColourVegan

Allura Red AC (INS 129)

TL;DR

INS 129 is Allura Red AC, a synthetic azo dye that gives an orange-red to scarlet shade. It is the colour behind red velvet cake mixes, pink-red soft drinks, and many red ice cream syrups and candies on Indian shelves. It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories with restrictions.

Quick Facts

INS Number
129
E-Number
E129
Category
Colour
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted with restrictions
JECFA ADI
0-7 mg/kg bw (2009)
Chemical Name
disodium 6-hydroxy-5-((2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulphonatophenyl)azo)-2-naphthalenesulphonate

What is INS 129?

INS 129 is Allura Red AC, a synthetic azo dye that gives an orange-red to scarlet shade. It is the colour behind red velvet cake mixes, pink-red soft drinks, and many red ice cream syrups and candies on Indian shelves.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because Allura Red is bright, holds up well under heat (so it survives baking and pasteurisation), and stays stable in fizzy drinks. It is the FDA-preferred red dye in the US (where it is called Red 40) and is widely used internationally in baked goods and beverages.

Where you'll find it

INS 129 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • red velvet cake mixes and bakery
  • fruit-flavoured soft drinks and squashes
  • ice cream and kulfi syrups
  • candy and confectionery
  • fruit-flavoured yoghurt
  • jellies and gums

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Allura Red AC is a synthetic azo dye made from coal-tar or petroleum-derived intermediates. No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as a synthetic food colour for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits, typically capped at 100 ppm in non-specified categories. FSSAI mandates the label declaration 'CONTAINS PERMITTED SYNTHETIC FOOD COLOUR(S)'.

JECFA: ADI 0-7 mg/kg body weight, established at 25th JECFA (1981) and maintained at 54th JECFA (2000). EFSA's 2009 re-evaluation confirmed the 0-7 mg/kg bw ADI.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 129 is also called:

129ins 129e129e 129allura redallura red acred 40fd&c red 40food red 17ci 16035

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 129 vegetarian?+
Vegan. Allura Red AC is a synthetic azo dye made from coal-tar or petroleum-derived intermediates. No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 129 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as a synthetic food colour for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits, typically capped at 100 ppm in non-specified categories. FSSAI mandates the label declaration 'CONTAINS PERMITTED SYNTHETIC FOOD COLOUR(S)'.
What is INS 129 used for?+
Brands use it because Allura Red is bright, holds up well under heat (so it survives baking and pasteurisation), and stays stable in fizzy drinks. It is the FDA-preferred red dye in the US (where it is called Red 40) and is widely used internationally in baked goods and beverages.
Is INS 129 (also written as E129) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 129 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E129 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (allura red ac).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-30.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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