INS 1412 / E1412ThickenerVegan

Distarch Phosphate (INS 1412)

TL;DR

INS 1412 is distarch phosphate, a modified corn or tapioca starch used as a thickener and stabiliser in foods that need to survive heat, freezing, or long shelf life. It thickens fillings without going watery on the second day. It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
1412
E-Number
E1412
Category
Thickener
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
Not specified (2017)
Composition
A modified starch made by cross-linking starch chains with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride. The cross-links create a more heat-stable and shear-stable starch than the unmodified base. Source starches are usually corn, tapioca, or potato.

What is INS 1412?

INS 1412 is distarch phosphate, a modified corn or tapioca starch used as a thickener and stabiliser in foods that need to survive heat, freezing, or long shelf life. It thickens fillings without going watery on the second day.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because plain starch breaks down when a product is cooked, frozen, or stored for weeks. The cross-links in distarch phosphate hold the texture: pie fillings stay set, instant kheer mixes thicken evenly, and frozen sauces do not weep when thawed.

Where you'll find it

INS 1412 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • fruit pie and tart fillings
  • instant kheer and dessert mixes
  • ketchup and chutneys
  • frozen ready meals and gravies
  • salad dressings
  • soft-serve and ice cream stabilisation

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Distarch phosphate is made from plant starches (corn, tapioca, potato) cross-linked with phosphate. No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as a thickener and stabiliser for specified food categories with category-specific limits.

JECFA: Group ADI 'not specified' for modified starches as a class. 'Not specified' is JECFA's safest classification. EFSA's 2017 re-evaluation reached the same conclusion at reported use levels.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 1412 is also called:

1412ins 1412e1412e 1412distarch phosphatemodified starchcross-linked starch

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 1412 vegetarian?+
Vegan. Distarch phosphate is made from plant starches (corn, tapioca, potato) cross-linked with phosphate. No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 1412 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as a thickener and stabiliser for specified food categories with category-specific limits.
What is INS 1412 used for?+
Brands use it because plain starch breaks down when a product is cooked, frozen, or stored for weeks. The cross-links in distarch phosphate hold the texture: pie fillings stay set, instant kheer mixes thicken evenly, and frozen sauces do not weep when thawed.
Is INS 1412 (also written as E1412) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 1412 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E1412 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (distarch phosphate).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-30.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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