INS 150a / E150aColourVegan

Plain Caramel (Class I) (INS 150a)

TL;DR

INS 150a is plain caramel, also called caustic caramel or Class I caramel. It is the food-industry version of caramelised sugar, made by heating sugar without ammonia or sulphite reactants. It gives mithai, kulfi, and bakery products their warm brown shade. It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
150a
E-Number
E150a
Category
Colour
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
Not specified (2011)
Composition
Class I caramel colour, made by heating food-grade carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose syrup, or invert sugar) with or without acids or alkalis but WITHOUT ammonium or sulphite compounds. The simplest and oldest of the four caramel classes, chemically closest to traditional kitchen caramelised sugar.

What is INS 150a?

INS 150a is plain caramel, also called caustic caramel or Class I caramel. It is the food-industry version of caramelised sugar, made by heating sugar without ammonia or sulphite reactants. It gives mithai, kulfi, and bakery products their warm brown shade.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because it is the simplest caramel and the easiest to label cleanly: just heated sugar, no extra reactants. It is the typical choice when a recipe wants a 'natural caramelised sugar' look in mithai, sweets coating, kulfi, biscuits, and dairy desserts.

Where you'll find it

INS 150a commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • kulfi and brown-shaded ice cream
  • biscuits and bakery
  • mithai and Indian sweets coating
  • dairy desserts
  • vinegars and brown sauces
  • some toffee and confectionery

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Class I caramel is made by heating plant-derived carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose syrup, invert sugar). No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as a colour for specified food categories with category-specific limits. The four caramel classes (150a/b/c/d) have separate JECFA specifications and different category-level caps.

JECFA: ADI 'not specified' for Class I plain caramel (29th JECFA, 1985). 'Not specified' is JECFA's safest classification: total dietary intake at typical use levels is not considered a hazard. Specifications updated at 74th JECFA (2011).

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 150a is also called:

150ains 150ae150ae 150aplain caramelcaustic caramelclass i caramelcaramel colour inatural caramel colour

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 150a vegetarian?+
Vegan. Class I caramel is made by heating plant-derived carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose syrup, invert sugar). No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 150a permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as a colour for specified food categories with category-specific limits. The four caramel classes (150a/b/c/d) have separate JECFA specifications and different category-level caps.
What is INS 150a used for?+
Brands use it because it is the simplest caramel and the easiest to label cleanly: just heated sugar, no extra reactants. It is the typical choice when a recipe wants a 'natural caramelised sugar' look in mithai, sweets coating, kulfi, biscuits, and dairy desserts.
Is INS 150a (also written as E150a) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 150a (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E150a (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (plain caramel (class i)).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-30.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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