INS 968 / E968SweetenerVegan

Erythritol (INS 968)

TL;DR

INS 968 is erythritol, a sugar alcohol (polyol) that tastes about 70% as sweet as sugar but provides almost no calories. On Indian packs it shows up in sugar-free chocolates, keto-friendly snacks, and stevia-blend tabletop sweeteners. It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
968
E-Number
E968
Category
Sweetener
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
Not specified (1999)
Chemical Name
1,2,3,4-butanetetrol (a 4-carbon sugar alcohol / polyol)

What is INS 968?

INS 968 is erythritol, a sugar alcohol (polyol) that tastes about 70% as sweet as sugar but provides almost no calories. On Indian packs it shows up in sugar-free chocolates, keto-friendly snacks, and stevia-blend tabletop sweeteners.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because it sweetens without raising blood sugar, has less of the bitter aftertaste that aspartame or sucralose can leave, and is less likely than sorbitol or maltitol to cause gas or laxative effects at modest amounts (large servings can still cause them). Most of it leaves the body unchanged in urine. It is commonly used in keto and diabetic-friendly products.

Where you'll find it

INS 968 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • sugar-free chocolates and confectionery
  • keto-friendly snacks and biscuits
  • tabletop stevia blends (erythritol as bulking agent)
  • sugar-free chewing gum
  • low-calorie ice creams
  • diabetic-friendly mithai mixes

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Food-grade erythritol is made by fermenting glucose (typically from corn starch) with food-grade yeasts (Moniliella species are the main industrial source per EFSA's 2023 description). No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI as a sweetener (polyol) under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories.

JECFA: ADI 'not specified' established at the 53rd JECFA (1999), meaning a numerical limit was not considered necessary at expected use levels. JECFA noted that a single dose of 1 g per kg of body weight (about 70 g for a 70 kg adult) showed no laxative effect in humans, a higher threshold than other polyols. EFSA's 2023 re-evaluation later set a numeric ADI of 0.5 g per kg of body weight per day specifically for laxation and electrolyte concerns; total exposure depends on serving size and the rest of the polyol content of the day.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 968 is also called:

968ins 968e968e 968erythritolsugar alcoholpolyol sweetenerketo sweetener

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 968 (erythritol) safe?+
JECFA gave erythritol an ADI of 'not specified' in 1999. EFSA re-evaluated E968 in 2023 and did not find a proven causal link between dietary erythritol and cardiovascular disease, but it did set an ADI of 0.5 g/kg bw/day to protect against laxation and electrolyte effects. The 2023 Nature Medicine study found an association between higher blood erythritol and major cardiac events in people already being evaluated for heart risk; it does not prove that eating normal food-level erythritol causes those events. Large servings can still upset the stomach.
Is INS 968 vegetarian?+
Vegan. Food-grade erythritol is made by fermenting glucose (typically from corn starch) with food-grade yeasts (Moniliella species are the main industrial source per EFSA's 2023 description). No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 968 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI as a sweetener (polyol) under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories.
What is INS 968 used for?+
Brands use it because it sweetens without raising blood sugar, has less of the bitter aftertaste that aspartame or sucralose can leave, and is less likely than sorbitol or maltitol to cause gas or laxative effects at modest amounts (large servings can still cause them). Most of it leaves the body unchanged in urine. It is commonly used in keto and diabetic-friendly products.
Is INS 968 (also written as E968) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 968 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E968 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (erythritol).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-05-12.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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