INS 160(b) / E160bColourVegan

Annatto (INS 160(b))

TL;DR

INS 160(b) is annatto, an orange-red colour extracted from the seeds of the achiote tree (Bixa orellana). On packs it is used to colour cheeses, butters, and bakery with a warm orange shade. It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
160(b)
E-Number
E160b
Category
Colour
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
0-12 mg/kg bw (bixin) / 0-0.6 mg/kg bw (norbixin) (2006)
Composition
Not a single compound. Annatto extracts are mixtures of carotenoid pigments from the seed coat of the achiote tree (Bixa orellana), dominated by bixin (oil-soluble) or norbixin (water-soluble salt) depending on the extraction method.

What is INS 160(b)?

INS 160(b) is annatto, an orange-red colour extracted from the seeds of the achiote tree (Bixa orellana). On packs it is used to colour cheeses, butters, and bakery with a warm orange shade.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because it gives a soft orange-yellow tone that suits dairy and bakery products. It is recognised as a natural colour, which carries a clean-label appeal even when synthetic colours are equally cheap.

Where you'll find it

INS 160(b) commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • cheese and processed cheese
  • butter and margarine
  • ice creams
  • biscuits and bakery
  • snack coatings
  • ready-to-eat curries

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Annatto extracts are produced by extracting bixin and norbixin pigments from achiote tree seeds with solvents or oils. No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI as a natural food colour under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific limits.

JECFA: Two separate ADIs assigned at the 67th JECFA (2006): 0-12 mg/kg bw for bixin (the oil-soluble form) and 0-0.6 mg/kg bw for norbixin (the water-soluble salt form), based on subchronic toxicity studies in rats.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 160(b) is also called:

160bins 160bins 160(b)e160be 160bannattoannatobixinnorbixinachiotenatural orange 4ci natural orange 4

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 160(b) vegetarian?+
Vegan. Annatto extracts are produced by extracting bixin and norbixin pigments from achiote tree seeds with solvents or oils. No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 160(b) permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI as a natural food colour under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific limits.
What is INS 160(b) used for?+
Brands use it because it gives a soft orange-yellow tone that suits dairy and bakery products. It is recognised as a natural colour, which carries a clean-label appeal even when synthetic colours are equally cheap.
Is INS 160(b) (also written as E160b) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 160(b) (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E160b (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (annatto).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-29.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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