INS 220 / E220PreservativeVegan

Sulphur Dioxide (INS 220)

TL;DR

INS 220 is sulphur dioxide, a preservative gas used to stop dried fruit, fruit pulps, and squashes from going brown and to keep yeasts and bacteria from growing. It is also widely used in winemaking. It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories with restrictions.

Quick Facts

INS Number
220
E-Number
E220
Category
Preservative
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted with restrictions
JECFA ADI
0-0.7 mg/kg bw (1986)
Chemical Name
sulphur dioxide (SO2)

What is INS 220?

INS 220 is sulphur dioxide, a preservative gas used to stop dried fruit, fruit pulps, and squashes from going brown and to keep yeasts and bacteria from growing. It is also widely used in winemaking.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because a small amount keeps dried apricots and raisins golden instead of dull brown, stops mango and apple pulps from oxidising, and protects squashes from spoilage. It also discourages microbial growth in low-acid foods.

Where you'll find it

INS 220 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • dried fruits like apricots, raisins, and figs
  • fruit pulps and concentrates
  • squashes and cordials
  • wine and fruit wines
  • pickles and chutneys
  • biscuits and dried bakery goods

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Sulphur dioxide is produced by burning elemental sulphur. No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI as a preservative under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits. FSS labelling rules require the declaration 'Contains sulphites' or 'Contains added sulphur dioxide' when residual SO2 in the final product exceeds 10 mg/kg, because some asthmatic individuals are sensitive.

JECFA: Group ADI 0-0.7 mg/kg body weight (expressed as SO2) for sulphur dioxide and the sulphite salts INS 221-228, retained at the 30th JECFA (1986) based on long-term rat studies. EFSA's 2016 re-evaluation set the same value as a temporary ADI; the EFSA temporary ADI was withdrawn in 2022 pending further data, while the JECFA group ADI of 0-0.7 mg/kg bw remains in force.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 220 is also called:

220ins 220e220e 220sulphur dioxidesulfur dioxideso2sulphitessulfites

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 220 vegetarian?+
Vegan. Sulphur dioxide is produced by burning elemental sulphur. No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 220 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI as a preservative under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits. FSS labelling rules require the declaration 'Contains sulphites' or 'Contains added sulphur dioxide' when residual SO2 in the final product exceeds 10 mg/kg, because some asthmatic individuals are sensitive.
What is INS 220 used for?+
Brands use it because a small amount keeps dried apricots and raisins golden instead of dull brown, stops mango and apple pulps from oxidising, and protects squashes from spoilage. It also discourages microbial growth in low-acid foods.
Is INS 220 (also written as E220) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 220 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E220 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (sulphur dioxide).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-29.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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