INS 211 / E211PreservativeVegan

Sodium Benzoate (INS 211)

TL;DR

INS 211 is sodium benzoate, the sodium salt of benzoic acid. It is a preservative that stops bacteria, yeasts, and moulds from growing in acidic foods like soft drinks, pickles, and ketchup. It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
211
E-Number
E211
Category
Preservative
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
0-5 mg/kg bw (1996)
Chemical Name
sodium benzoate (sodium salt of benzoic acid)

What is INS 211?

INS 211 is sodium benzoate, the sodium salt of benzoic acid. It is a preservative that stops bacteria, yeasts, and moulds from growing in acidic foods like soft drinks, pickles, and ketchup.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because it works very well in slightly acidic products and is cheap and stable. It is one of the most common preservatives on Indian beverage and condiment packs.

Where you'll find it

INS 211 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • soft drinks and squashes
  • fruit juices and concentrates
  • ketchup and sauces
  • pickles and chutneys
  • fruit jams
  • salad dressings

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Sodium benzoate is produced by reacting synthetic benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide. No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI as a preservative under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits, often expressed as benzoic acid equivalents.

JECFA: Group ADI 0-5 mg/kg body weight (expressed as benzoic acid) for benzoic acid and its calcium, potassium, and sodium salts, established at the 46th JECFA (1996), based on no observable adverse effects in long-term rat studies.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 211 is also called:

211ins 211e211e 211sodium benzoatebenzoate of sodabenzoic acid sodium salt

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 211 vegetarian?+
Vegan. Sodium benzoate is produced by reacting synthetic benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide. No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 211 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI as a preservative under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits, often expressed as benzoic acid equivalents.
What is INS 211 used for?+
Brands use it because it works very well in slightly acidic products and is cheap and stable. It is one of the most common preservatives on Indian beverage and condiment packs.
Is INS 211 (also written as E211) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 211 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E211 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (sodium benzoate).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-29.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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