INS 270 / E270Acidity RegulatorSource-dependent

Lactic Acid (INS 270)

TL;DR

INS 270 is lactic acid, the same compound that makes yogurt sour and gives sourdough bread its tang. On Indian packs it shows up in flavoured yoghurts, low-fat dairy, beverages, pickled products, and some bakery. It is one of the most common acidity regulators in fermented foods. Veg status depends on the source the manufacturer uses and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
270
E-Number
E270
Category
Acidity Regulator
Veg Status
Source-dependent
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
Not specified (1973)
Chemical Name
2-hydroxypropanoic acid

What is INS 270?

INS 270 is lactic acid, the same compound that makes yogurt sour and gives sourdough bread its tang. On Indian packs it shows up in flavoured yoghurts, low-fat dairy, beverages, pickled products, and some bakery. It is one of the most common acidity regulators in fermented foods.

Why brands add it

Brands use it because it gives a soft, dairy-style sourness that fits curd, lassi, and yogurt-like products without the sharp bite of vinegar or citric acid. It also lowers pH for preservation, helps colour stability in fruit drinks, and softens the texture of cured meats and bakery products.

Where you'll find it

INS 270 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • flavoured yogurts and dahi
  • lassi and cultured drinks
  • pickled vegetables
  • salad dressings
  • soft drinks and fruit beverages
  • some breads and bakery

Veg or non-veg? - Source-dependent

Lactic acid is made by Lactobacillus fermentation. The substrate the bacteria are fed determines the source story: in India most commercial lactic acid is fermented from sugar or molasses (vegan), but whey-based fermentation (using a dairy by-product as substrate) also exists. The number alone does not say which substrate was used. The Indian veg/non-veg dot on the pack is the brand's declaration; if a product is dairy-free and vegan-labelled, the lactic acid in it is from a vegan substrate.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as an acidity regulator and preservative for specified food categories with category-specific limits.

JECFA: ADI 'not limited' for lactic acid (L-, D-, and DL- forms) and its sodium, potassium, and calcium salts, 17th JECFA (1973). 'Not limited' is JECFA's safest classification at typical use levels.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 270 is also called:

270ins 270e270e 270lactic acidmilk acidyogurt acid2-hydroxypropanoic acidsour acid

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 270 vegetarian?+
Source-dependent. Lactic acid is made by Lactobacillus fermentation. The substrate the bacteria are fed determines the source story: in India most commercial lactic acid is fermented from sugar or molasses (vegan), but whey-based fermentation (using a dairy by-product as substrate) also exists. The number alone does not say which substrate was used. The Indian veg/non-veg dot on the pack is the brand's declaration; if a product is dairy-free and vegan-labelled, the lactic acid in it is from a vegan substrate.
Is INS 270 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 as an acidity regulator and preservative for specified food categories with category-specific limits.
What is INS 270 used for?+
Brands use it because it gives a soft, dairy-style sourness that fits curd, lassi, and yogurt-like products without the sharp bite of vinegar or citric acid. It also lowers pH for preservation, helps colour stability in fruit drinks, and softens the texture of cured meats and bakery products.
Is INS 270 (also written as E270) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 270 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E270 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (lactic acid).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-30.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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