INS 296 / E296Acidity RegulatorVegan

Malic Acid (INS 296)

TL;DR

INS 296 is malic acid, the sour-sharp acid found naturally in apples and tamarind. On packs it is used as an acidulant, often where brands want a slower, deeper sourness than the quick zing of citric acid (INS 330). It is generally vegan and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
296
E-Number
E296
Category
Acidity Regulator
Veg Status
Vegan
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
Not specified (1973)
Chemical Name
DL-malic acid (2-hydroxybutanedioic acid)

What is INS 296?

INS 296 is malic acid, the sour-sharp acid found naturally in apples and tamarind. On packs it is used as an acidulant, often where brands want a slower, deeper sourness than the quick zing of citric acid (INS 330).

Why brands add it

Brands use it because the sourness lingers a beat longer than citric acid, which suits boiled sweets, apple-flavoured drinks, and sour candies. It also helps preservation by lowering pH and works in low-calorie products.

Where you'll find it

INS 296 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • boiled sweets and gummies
  • fruit drinks and squashes
  • sour candies
  • low-calorie soft drinks
  • jellies and jams
  • wine and cider

Veg or non-veg? - Vegan

Food-grade malic acid is produced by chemical synthesis (hydration of maleic or fumaric acid) and yields the racemic DL-form. No animal product is used in its manufacture.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI as an acidity regulator under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories.

JECFA: Group ADI 'not specified' for L-, D-, and DL-malic acid and its sodium, potassium, and calcium salts, established at the 17th JECFA (1973). 'Not specified' means JECFA considers total dietary intake at typical use levels is not a hazard.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 296 is also called:

296ins 296e296e 296malic aciddl-malic acid2-hydroxybutanedioic acid2-hydroxysuccinic acidapple acid

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 296 vegetarian?+
Vegan. Food-grade malic acid is produced by chemical synthesis (hydration of maleic or fumaric acid) and yields the racemic DL-form. No animal product is used in its manufacture.
Is INS 296 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI as an acidity regulator under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories.
What is INS 296 used for?+
Brands use it because the sourness lingers a beat longer than citric acid, which suits boiled sweets, apple-flavoured drinks, and sour candies. It also helps preservation by lowering pH and works in low-calorie products.
Is INS 296 (also written as E296) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 296 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E296 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (malic acid).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-04-29.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

Related ingredients