INS 327 / E327Acidity RegulatorSource-dependent

Calcium Lactate (INS 327)

TL;DR

INS 327 is calcium lactate, the calcium salt of lactic acid. On packs it shows up most often in calcium-fortified juices and lassi, chewable calcium tablets, some processed cheese, and as a firming agent in fruit pickles and canned fruit. It is one of the most-used calcium fortifiers because it dissolves cleanly in water and adds calcium without the chalky mouthfeel of calcium carbonate. Veg status depends on the source the manufacturer uses and is permitted by FSSAI for specified food categories.

Quick Facts

INS Number
327
E-Number
E327
Category
Acidity Regulator
Veg Status
Source-dependent
FSSAI Status
Permitted by FSSAI
JECFA ADI
Not specified (1974)
Chemical Name
calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate

What is INS 327?

INS 327 is calcium lactate, the calcium salt of lactic acid. On packs it shows up most often in calcium-fortified juices and lassi, chewable calcium tablets, some processed cheese, and as a firming agent in fruit pickles and canned fruit. It is one of the most-used calcium fortifiers because it dissolves cleanly in water and adds calcium without the chalky mouthfeel of calcium carbonate.

Why brands add it

Brands use it for two main jobs: as a calcium fortifier (in juices, lassi, dairy alternatives, and chewable calcium supplements like the kids' calcium tablets sold in Indian pharmacies), and as a firming agent for fruit (calcium ions crosslink with the pectin in fruit cell walls, keeping pickled or canned mango / amla / apple firmer for longer). It also acts as an acidity regulator and is one of the workhorse ingredients in baking-powder formulations where a slow-acting calcium-based leavener is wanted.

Where you'll find it

INS 327 commonly shows up on Indian packets in these categories:

  • calcium-fortified juices and lassi
  • chewable calcium supplement tablets
  • baking-powder formulations
  • some processed cheese
  • firming agent in fruit pickles and canned fruit
  • calcium-fortified plant-milk alternatives
  • some breakfast cereals

Veg or non-veg? - Source-dependent

Calcium lactate is made by neutralising lactic acid with calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate. The lactic acid itself is produced by Lactobacillus fermentation of a sugar substrate. In India the substrate for food-grade and supplement-grade calcium lactate is most often plant-derived (corn syrup, sugar, or molasses), but whey-based fermentation (using a dairy by-product as substrate) also exists. The salt-form INS number alone does not say which substrate was used. The Indian veg/non-veg dot on the pack is the brand's declaration; if a product is dairy-free and vegan-labelled, the calcium lactate in it is from a vegan substrate.

FSSAI status and JECFA evaluation

FSSAI: Permitted by FSSAI as an acidity regulator, firming agent, and stabiliser under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits. The FSSAI Food Fortification Regulations also recognise calcium lactate as one of the calcium sources permitted for calcium-fortification of foods. Note: the D(-) and DL forms of lactic acid (and their salts) are not permitted for use in foods specifically formulated for infants under three months, because infants can have difficulty metabolising the D-isomer. Commercial food-grade calcium lactate is typically the L-(+) form.

JECFA: ADI 'not limited' for calcium lactate, established at the 18th JECFA (1974), based on the toxicology monograph for lactic acid and its ammonium, calcium, potassium, and sodium salts prepared at the 17th JECFA (1973). 'Not limited' is JECFA's classification at typical use levels: lactic acid and its salts are normal intermediates in human carbohydrate metabolism. The 1973 evaluation included a restriction that D(-)-lactic acid and DL-lactic acid (and their salts) should not be used in infant foods. EFSA's 2019 evaluation for animal feed use reached a similar safety position.

Also known as

On packets, in recipes, and in conversation, INS 327 is also called:

327ins 327e327e 327calcium lactatecalcium 2-hydroxypropanoatecalcium salt of lactic acidcalcium fortifiercalcium lactate l-form

Frequently Asked Questions

Is INS 327 vegetarian?+
Source-dependent. Calcium lactate is made by neutralising lactic acid with calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate. The lactic acid itself is produced by Lactobacillus fermentation of a sugar substrate. In India the substrate for food-grade and supplement-grade calcium lactate is most often plant-derived (corn syrup, sugar, or molasses), but whey-based fermentation (using a dairy by-product as substrate) also exists. The salt-form INS number alone does not say which substrate was used. The Indian veg/non-veg dot on the pack is the brand's declaration; if a product is dairy-free and vegan-labelled, the calcium lactate in it is from a vegan substrate.
Is INS 327 permitted by FSSAI?+
Permitted by FSSAI as an acidity regulator, firming agent, and stabiliser under Schedule I of the FSS (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations 2011 for specified food categories with category-specific upper limits. The FSSAI Food Fortification Regulations also recognise calcium lactate as one of the calcium sources permitted for calcium-fortification of foods. Note: the D(-) and DL forms of lactic acid (and their salts) are not permitted for use in foods specifically formulated for infants under three months, because infants can have difficulty metabolising the D-isomer. Commercial food-grade calcium lactate is typically the L-(+) form.
What is INS 327 used for?+
Brands use it for two main jobs: as a calcium fortifier (in juices, lassi, dairy alternatives, and chewable calcium supplements like the kids' calcium tablets sold in Indian pharmacies), and as a firming agent for fruit (calcium ions crosslink with the pectin in fruit cell walls, keeping pickled or canned mango / amla / apple firmer for longer). It also acts as an acidity regulator and is one of the workhorse ingredients in baking-powder formulations where a slow-acting calcium-based leavener is wanted.
Is INS 327 (also written as E327) the same thing?+
Yes. INS 327 (the Codex International Numbering System used by FSSAI) and E327 (the European E-number system) refer to the same compound. The digits are identical for almost all common additives. Indian packets may show either form, or the common name (calcium lactate).

Sources

Last verified: 2026-05-12.

Regulatory status, not medical advice
This page summarises FSSAI's permission status and JECFA's scientific evaluation. It is not medical or dietary advice. Manufacturer ingredient sourcing can vary, especially for source-dependent additives - the Indian veg/non-veg dot logo on the pack is the brand's declaration. For health decisions, consult a doctor or registered dietitian.

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